Волощук Оксана Троянівна
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Документ Злочин агресії як найбільш небезпечний міжнародний злочин проти міжнародного правопорядку, безпеки та миру(Одеса : Видавництво «Юридика», 2023) Волощук, Оксана Троянівна; Волощук, О. Т.; Voloshchuk, Oksana T.Документ Human rights protection in the context of combating terrorism: problems of finding the optimal balance(Editorial Primmate S. A. S., 2021) Волощук, Оксана Троянівна; Волощук, О. Т.; Волощук, Оксана Трояновна; Voloshchuk, Oksana T.; Колесник, Вікторія Юріївна; Колесник, В. Ю.; Колесник, Виктория Юрьевна; Kolesnyk, Viktoriia Yu.; Шевчук, Андрій Васильович; Шевчук, А. В.; Шевчук, Андрей Васильевич; Shevchuk, Andrii V.; Ющик, Олена Іванівна; Ющик, О. І.; Ющик, Елена Ивановна; Yushchyk, Olena I.; Крайній, Павло Іванович; Крайній, П. І.; Крайний, Павел Иванович; Krainii, Pavlo I.The article examines the essence and nature of terrorism in the light of the problem of observance and protection of human rights, as well as analyzes the problems that arise in the implementation of anti-terrorist activities. Emphasis is placed on the fact that it is difficult to find a balance in the observance of human rights in the implementation of various anti-terrorist measures by law enforcement agencies and the investigation of crimes related to terrorist activities. It is concluded that the fight against terrorism and the protection of human rights are goals that cannot conflict with each other in a democratic society. They complement and mutually reinforce each other, so when taking measures to stop terrorist activities, states are obliged to adhere to key principles and norms of international law, as well as specific commitments made in connection with participation in international human rights agreements.Документ Human rights violations and genocide: Lessons of Rwanda(Editorial Primmate S. A. S., 2021) Волощук, Оксана Троянівна; Волощук, О. Т.; Волощук, Оксана Трояновна; Voloshchuk, Oksana T.; Колесник, Вікторія Юріївна; Колесник, В. Ю.; Колесник, Виктория Юрьевна; Kolesnyk, Viktoriia Yu.; Гетманцев, Максим Олександрович; Гетманцев, М. О.; Гетманцев, Максим Александрович; Hetmantsev, Maksym O.; Hetmantsev, MaximThe purpose of the article is a comprehensive analysis of the Rwandan genocide through the prism of human rights violations. To achieve this goal, such methods as historical-legal, comparative, formal-dogmatic, logical-semantic and analysis were used. The article argues that the acts of genocide clearly provide for the guilty intent and use of a state mechanism that has all the required human and material resources to implement such a plan. This feature is one of the key in terms of revealing the essence of genocide, so it can differentiate these actions from the general murder under criminal law and shows, depending on the object of distribution - life, health of a certain group of people - and motives - national, ethnic , racial or religious intolerance, hostility - its increased social danger. It is concluded that the inclusion of such a feature as one of the basic to the universal definition is urgent. This will allow to more fully implement the principle of inevitability of punishment for all perpetrators, to recognize the state as a subject of responsibility and thus will contribute to a more effective implementation of the preventive function in the international arena. The combined efforts of all nations and peoples are needed to fight, combat and prevent the crime of genocide. The positive results would be achieved only by joint efforts by using a set of various means of combating genocide.Документ Interpretive activity in the judge’s professional occupation(Editorial Primmate S. A. S., 2020) Гураленко, Наталія Анатоліївна; Гураленко, Н. А.; Гураленко, Наталия Анатольевна; Huralenko, Nataliia A.; Волощук, Оксана Троянівна; Волощук, О. Т.; Волощук, Оксана Трояновна; Voloshchuk, Oksana T.; Сливка, Степан Степанович; Сливка, С. С.; Slyvka, Stepan S.The purpose of the article is a comprehensive analysis of the issue of the judge’s interpretive activity from the standpoint of the judge’s cognition in such a process of unchangeable dualism of the factual circumstances of the case and the norm of the law. To achieve this goal, such methods as dialectic, comparative, formal-logical, communicative and phenomenological was used. The article deals with the approach according to which the judge's interpretive activity during professional occupation is a necessary method of specifying the content of abstract, relatively defined legal norms; and these norms become applicable in solving certain debatable questions. It is concluded that the judge creates the search for the best solution of a particular legal position. Reconciling the uniqueness of the law case and the formality of the legislative provisions resolving case is impossible without interpretive activity. One of the peculiarities of the dynamics of the interpretive activity of the European Court of Human Rights is its intellectual and creative nature; mechanical transformation of the norms of law into individual acts and "stereotype" application of previous court decisions are not admissible. The judge's interpretive activity combines rational-technical and existential-semantic levels, which necessitates a high level of personal and professional maturity of the judge. The problem of interpretation is not only technical skills in legislative provisions; it covers an important "standpoint" of the reality based on the professional experience and legal consciousness.Документ Prohibition of aggression as a manifestation of anthropocentricism in international law: genesis of the principle and formation of the definition(«East West» Association for Advanced Studies and Higher Education, 2021) Андрейченко, Світлана Сергіївна; Андрейченко, С. С.; Андрейченко, Светлана Сергеевна; Andreichenko, Svitlana S.; Волощук, Оксана Троянівна; Волощук, О. Т.; Волощук, Оксана Трояновна; Voloshchuk, Oksana T.; Колесник, Вікторія Юріївна; Колесник, В. Ю.; Колесник, Виктория Юрьевна; Kolesnyk, Viktoriia Yu.The article considers the issues of formation and approval of the principle of prohibition of aggression in international relations through the prism of the doctrine of anthropocentrism in modern international law. Particular attention is paid to international legal acts prohibiting the use of force in international relations and defining the concept of aggression. It has been revealed that the assertion of the principle of prohibition of aggression allowed international law to move towards anthropocentrism, filled it with new meaning: starting from interstate, aimed at "serving" the right for a war ("jus ad bellum") by limiting the means and methods of warfare, to international right that proclaims and protects the rights of human beings and peoples. The role and significance of the activities of the United Nations and the International Criminal Court in developing a universal definition of aggression are analyzed. It is concluded that today there is an urgent need to adopt a universal definition of the crime of aggression at the international level. Adoption of such a definition will help prevent crimes of aggression and will make it possible to combat modern manifestations of aggression in the international arena more effectively.Документ Повноваження у сфері зовнішньої політики як важлива складова діяльності уряду(Одеса : Фенікс, 2012) Волощук, Оксана Троянівна; Волощук, О. Т.; Волощук, Оксана Трояновна; Voloshchuk, Oksana T.Автор статті констатує, що нині у багатьох сучасних державах провідна функці- ональна роль у механізмі зовнішніх відносин належить саме виконавчій владі, на вершині якої стоїть уряд. Уряд формулює цілі та пріоритети держави у сфері зовнішніх відносин, визначає засоби їх реалізації, а також забезпечує повсякденне функціонування системи дипломатичних відносин. Уряд має в своєму розпорядженні досить чисельний, розгалужений і високопрофесійний дипломатич ний апарат, що приймає участь у зовнішньополітичному процесі на всіх його стадіях. Саме цим зумовлюється ключова роль уряду в механізмі зовнішніх відносин сучасної держави.