Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата юридичних наук
за спеціальністю 12.00.07 - адміністративне право і процес; фінансове
право; інформаційне право. - Національний університет «Одеська
юридична академія», Одеса, 2013.
На основі аналізу національного, міжнародного та зарубіжного
законодавства здійснено аналіз правової природи застосування захисних
заходів у зовнішній торгівлі, надано загальну оцінку доцільності їх
застосування, визначено їх місце у митному регулюванні та виявлено
особливості, властиві спеціальним митам. Встановлено коло міжнародних і
національних правових актів, які формують законодавчу базу регулювання
захисних заходів. Проаналізовано структуру інституціонального механізму
застосування спеціальних заходів на національному та міжнародному
рівнях. Визначено основні принципи та стадії спеціального розслідування
та з'ясовано особливості справляння спеціальних мит під час процедур
митного оформлення та митного контролю.
Диссертация на соискание научной степени кандидата юридических
наук по специальности 12.00.07 - административное право и процесс,
финансовое право, информационное право. - Национальный университет
«Одесская юридическая академия», Одесса, 2013.
В исследовании на основе анализа национального, международного и
зарубежного законодательства осуществлен комплексный анализ правовой
природы применения защитных мер во внешней торговле, дана общая оценка
целесообразности их применения, определено их место в таможенном
регулировании и выявлены особенности, присущие специальным мерам.
Установлен круг международных и национальных правовых актов,
которые формируют законодательную базу регулирования защитных мер.
Проанализирована структура институционального механизма применения
специальных мер на национальном и международном уровне. Определены
основные принципы и стадии специального расследования, выяснены
особенности применения специальных пошлин во время процедур
таможенного оформления и таможенного контроля.
Thesis for Candidate of Law's degree on specialization 12.00.07. —
Administrative Law and Process; Financial Law; Informational Law. - National
University "Odessa Law Academy", Odessa, 2013.
The present research, based on comprehensive analysis of the customs
legislation of Ukraine and the leading countries of the world, national and
international law enforcement activities, scientific papers and publications in
the field of customs law, provides the complex analysis for the of legal nature
of safeguard measures in international trade, defined the place in the customs
regulation. The structure of the institutional mechanism for application
of safeguards at the national and international level was analyzed. The research
also clarified particular collection of safeguard measures during the procedures
of customs control.
One of the goals of the work is a detailed study of the safeguard measures
in a historical context. The basic stages of the protective measures in foreign
trade as the instalment of customs regulations and the characteristics of their
regulative effect on foreign relations are shown in the work. The author analyzes
the main legal acts, contracts, and various stages of reform legislation and
rounds of GATT negotiations, which have influenced the formation of safeguard
measures. Also this study holds the link and explores the historical impact of each
of these components on the current state of the protective measures.
In this work the structure of a special investigation, consisting of a sequence
of obligatory and optional steps are described. The peculiarities of the legal
nature of protective measures are shown on the one hand as the exception to
the international legal obligations of the foreign trade regime, on the other as
exception to the general rules on tariff and non-tariff regulation. The basic
characteristics of protective measures are determined as: temporality, non-
discrimination, proportion al ity.
The specific of application of safeguard measures of customs policies is
studied in accordance with international principles of foreign trade. Basically,
author considers the narrow sense of the importance for the principle
of "proportionality" by examining its contents as a general principle of law,
international law and WTO law. Also the work defines the principles of special
investigation, which revealed its peculiarities and specificity as a particular type
of administrative procedure: rule of law, taking into account national interests,
formality, openness, transparency and international cooperation.
The work analyzes the legal basis of the customs control and clearance
of the goods, which are the subject of safeguard measures; problems of specific
customs procedures and solutions to improve national legislation in this field.
Particular attention is paid to the decision of the Interdepartmental Commission
on International Trade in collecting special duties, and the correct classification
of the product and determining the country of origin for customs control.
In the course of the study particular attention is paid to investigation
of the use of special procedures in the United States and Canada. Based on
comparative analysis of systems and the application of protective measures U.S.,
Canada and Ukraine, the author revealed specificity of common international
standards: quasi-judicial nature of the body that conducts the investigation,
extensive interaction authorities. During the study of foreign experience
the author carried out a detailed analysis of both the overall institution
mechanism for the implementation of measures and the role of each organ in
system. Particular attention is given to the functions of the President and his
influence on the outcome of the investigation. The study addresses the issue
of the rare use of safeguards and, as the cause of the phenomenon, the problem
of putting into practice the provisions of the law on the use of compensation.
The improving of views on the structure of institutional mechanism to use
a special duty in Ukraine, functions and powers of the relevant authorities helped
formulate proposals for its improvement; approaches to the role of special duties
in determining the structure of imports, its strengths and weaknesses in relation
to other means of protecting the domestic market; position of the necessity
of applying the general principles of administrative law during special
investigations and appropriate provisions in the legislation.
The paper has expanded the range of terms associated with the use
of safeguard measures in foreign trade, the definition of safeguard measures
based on international standards; approaches to determining the reasons and
ways of practical implementation of protective equipment in foreign trade and
taking into account the principle of national interests in decision-making process.
