Загальні підходи до визначення кола суб’єктів юридичної відповідальності за порушення об’єктів авторського права та суміжних прав у мережі Інтернет

Abstract

У статті досліджуються проблемні питання щодо визначення видів порушень та кола суб’єктів юридичної відповідальності за порушення об’єктів авторського права та суміжних прав у мережі Інтернет. Звертається увага, що одним із найбільш поширених видів порушень у мережі Інтернет є порушення авторських прав. На підставі аналізу вітчизняних та міжнародних нормативно-правових актів визначено коло суб’єктів надання інформації (посередницьких послуг) у мережі Інтернет та вчинення ними порушень, за які вони можуть нести юридичну відповідальність, пропонуються шляхи удосконалення законодавства у сфері охорони авторського права.

The article analyzes the problematic issues of committing various offenses against a significant number of intellectual property objects committed on the Internet based on the analysis of scientific publications of domestic and foreign scientists, the current legislation and other legal acts in the field of protection of intellectual property rights objects. An analysis of the offenses committed on the Internet provides grounds for finding that such infringements are committed against a significant number of intellectual property objects. In particular, the means of individualization of participants in the economic circulation of goods and services (trademarks, business names, geographical indications) and other objects of intellectual creative activity, however, the greatest number of violations of the Internet is committed in respect of copyright and related rights. Various definitions of the definition of Internet piracy, a range of subjects of offenses are analyzed. Attention is drawn to the fact that one of the most common types of infringement on the Internet is copyright infringement. Types of offenses are analyzed and an attempt is made to identify the subject of legal liability for infringement of copyright and related rights on the Internet. In particular, it is noted that the Law of Ukraine “On Copyright and Related Law” lacks a logical definition of the term “provider”, and concludes that intermediary services on the Internet can be provided by both the hosting service provider and the owner of the website. Emphasis is placed on the lack of a single, complete, effective and reliable system of legal protection of intellectual property on the Internet, leading to a large number of offenses and the formation of evidence for the effective protection of intellectual property and prosecution. The author concludes that the legislative protection of intellectual property rights on the Internet requires a more effective state mechanism for the prevention and cessation of offenses and the definition of the range of copyright and related rights than those defined in clause “b” of Art. 50 of the Law of Ukraine “On Copyright and Related Rights”. In view of this, it is controversial that the list of copyright and / or related rights violations on the Internet does not include other copyright and related rights that may be infringed. An analysis of national and international legal acts determines the range of entities providing information (intermediary services) on the Internet. They can be the website owner (account owner), hosting provider, software vendor, domain name registrar. In addition to the sole proprietor, they may also be a legal entity that may accordingly be held liable for infringement of intellectual property law. The author's vision of ways to improve copyright laws is suggested.