War, Crime, Victimology, Human Rights and Criminal Justice Holistic Approach

Abstract

International and national substantial criminal law protects human rights and maintains a balance between people’s security and the state’s apparatus. New hybrid and aggressive war challenges necessitate understanding the stability of criminal legal form and social care amidst evolving public and social relations. By analyzing crime and abuse of power tendencies, we can challenge social control schemes related to international society, the state, perpetrators, victims, and civil society attitudes. This article explores the interrelationships among war consequences, crime, modern victimology, human rights, and criminal justice, using a holistic approach grounded in human rights discourse. It highlights the integration of international and national means within modern criminal justice to safeguard victims from crime and abuse of power at individual and collective levels. The article particularly focuses on the interplay between war and crime, fragmentation of international criminal law, victims’ reparations, and criminal policy development.