Щодо питання цивільно-правової відповідальності за шкоду, завдану роботизованими механізмами зі штучним інтелектом (роботами)

Abstract

У статті досліджуються суспільні відносини щодо питання відповідальності за шкоду, завдану роботами, а також пов’язане із цим питання можливості визнання роботів квазісуб’єктами цивільно-правових відносин. Авторами висувається теза про те, що для відшкодування шкоди, завданої механізмами, зокрема й роботизованими, всі правові підстави існують. Висновком за результати дослідження є твердження, що вже зараз необхідно доповнити Цивільний кодекс України спеціальною нормою, яка б передбачала правила відшкодування шкоди, завданої роботами.

In connection with the rapid development of robotics and artificial intelligence, the question is the recognition of robots quasi-subjects of civil relations. The article studies public relations on the issue of liability for harm caused by robots, as well as the question of the possibility of recognizing robots as quasi-subjects of civil law relations. The purpose of the article is to study the problem aspects of civil liability for damages caused by the use of artificial intelligence and robotic mechanisms (robots). In addition, due to the rapid development of information technology and the active use of artificial intelligence and robots, there is a need to rethink traditional approaches to the definition of the concept of subjects of civil legal relations. Legal personality and work cannot be the same. The legal personality of the robots will be limited. In particular, American lawyers are already proposing to consider robots as quasi-subjects of civil relations, which enjoy only partial rights and responsibilities. The current Civil Code of Ukraine contains special cases, but the responsibility for the damage caused by work is currently absent. It seems expedient to use the existing norms of the Central Committee of Ukraine to formulate the rules for the application of civil liability for damages caused by work. Moreover, the subjects who will bear the specified responsibility will be non-lawful representatives, and those who were involved with the creation and programming of the work: inventors, programmers, manufacturers, and owners of robots. The authors put forward the thesis that to compensate for the harm caused by mechanisms, including robotized ones, all legal grounds exist. The conclusion of the study is the assertion that it is already necessary to supplement the Civil Code of Ukraine with a special rule providing rules for the compensation of harm caused by work.